From where Internet traffic goes through and comes to us?
More than ninety nine of the web traffic depends on top quality fiber optic cables connecting varied countries.
Only a minuscule(extremely small) a part of the traffic goes through satellites.
These fiber optic cables area unit set below seas,oceans and area unit known as submarine cables (as in below image). And in few cases like forecasting, web traffic goes through satellites.
Who can lay these large cables?These cable networks area unit set and maintained by varied government and large corporations. Such comes area unit typically undertaken by multiple corporations thanks to the big price of investment. There area unit three tiers that differentiate the scale of the network control by a corporation.Tier-1: These area unit corporations that have a worldwide network connecting such a lot cables round the world that they do not ought to pay anyone any fee to access any destination on the web. they typically will access the network of the opposite tier-1 corporations while not paying fee. This network act because the backbone of the web.Example: In India, Tata communications. In USA, corporations AT&T,Sprint et al..(search google for Tier-1 ISP's, you may notice the list.)Tier-2: These area unit corporations that have a regional networks and area unit typically connected to 1 or a lot of tier-1 networks. they need to pay a fee to access the tier-1 company's network.Tier-3: These area unit ISP's from whom we tend to purchase our broadband connections.They are the last tier, connecting the web to the top users. however the planet is connected with submarine cables for info exchange(Internet) and you may conjointly notice tier-1,tier-2,tier-3 corporations details by choosing the region.India and remainder of world and Internet:India is connected to world at metropolis,Cochin,Chennai,Trivendrum and Tuticorine.All of our international web tarffic goes through these port cities.The place wherever the international cables hook up with the land is named landing stations.Tata Communications ows three landing stations at metropolis,Chennai and fowl.They are the sole tier-1 company from India.Bharti Airtel owns a pair of landing stations at urban center and one at metropolis.BSNL owns one landing station at Tuticorine connecting to Srilanka.Internet among India:Handing over of traffic from one network to a different is named peering. there's a non-profit government organisation in India known as National web Exchange of India(NIXI) that permits Indian ISP's to use every others network in a very economical instead of victimisation foreign servers. as an example,There is server(suppose Filpkart) in Uttar Pradesh and if I access the server universal resource locator sitting in Banglore, I dont wish the traffic to travel different countries and are available back to server in UP, India. To do this, NIXI keeps all Indian ISP's along so traffic flows among indian ISP for native information. This conjointly will increase the standard of service for the shoppers and reduces the probabilities of knowledge being snooped by foreign agencies.There area unit many networks among India, one amongst them is RailTel- a government project started in 2000 to get fiber optic cables on the routes of the railway tracks.
Only a minuscule(extremely small) a part of the traffic goes through satellites.
These fiber optic cables area unit set below seas,oceans and area unit known as submarine cables (as in below image). And in few cases like forecasting, web traffic goes through satellites.
United Nations agency owns Internet?
nobody truly owns the web, not one person or organization controls the web in its entireness. the web is a lot of of a thought than associate actual tangible entity, and it depends on a physical infrastructure that connects networks to different networks.There area unit several organizations, firms, governments, schools, personal voters and repair suppliers that each one own items of the infrastructure, however there's nobody body that owns it all. There are, however, organizations that supervise and standardize what happens on the web and assign informatics addresses and domain names, like the National Science Foundation, the web Engineering Task Force, ICANN, InterNIC and also the web design Board.
nobody truly owns the web, not one person or organization controls the web in its entireness. the web is a lot of of a thought than associate actual tangible entity, and it depends on a physical infrastructure that connects networks to different networks.There area unit several organizations, firms, governments, schools, personal voters and repair suppliers that each one own items of the infrastructure, however there's nobody body that owns it all. There are, however, organizations that supervise and standardize what happens on the web and assign informatics addresses and domain names, like the National Science Foundation, the web Engineering Task Force, ICANN, InterNIC and also the web design Board.
Hello, my name is Ultimate Programmer. I'm a 23 year old software engineer from india.
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